fondamentaux

LPP mandatory and extra-mandatory: the difference everyone confuses.

On your certificate, your LPP assets are split in two. The mandatory and extra-mandatory parts do not follow the same rules — especially when leaving Switzerland.

Par Pillarum
Article éditorial · sources vérifiées
7 min de lecture
Published

When you look at your pension certificate, your LPP assets are split in two: mandatory part and extra-mandatory part. The distinction looks cosmetic. It is not. When leaving Switzerland, or withdrawing capital, these are two different legal regimes.

Where the split comes from

The Federal Act on Occupational Pensions (LPP) imposes a minimum on every pension fund. This minimum has two dimensions: how much is contributed (on which salary bracket) and how much the money earns each year.

Anything beyond that minimum is the extra-mandatory part. The employer or the fund decides to offer it — typically because the industry's collective agreement requires it, or because the company wants to enhance its package.

In one sentence
The mandatory is what the law forces. The extra-mandatory is what the fund offers on top.

1. Contribution: on which salary bracket

The mandatory LPP contribution does not apply to your entire salary. It applies to the coordinated salary, i.e., your capped AVS salary, minus a coordination deduction (corresponding to 7/8 of the maximum AVS pension, and therefore varying every two years).

Mandatory LPP limits — 2025 values
Parameter2025 amountDefinition
Entry thresholdCHF 22,680Minimum annual salary to be enrolled
Considered AVS salaryCHF 90,720Salary cap used for the calculation
Coordination deductionCHF 26,460Subtracted from the AVS salary to obtain the coordinated
Maximum coordinated salaryCHF 64,260Maximum bracket subject to mandatory contribution
Minimum coordinated salaryCHF 3,780Floor if the actual coordinated is lower
Source : FSIO — LPP factsheet 2025

Concretely: if you earn CHF 120,000, only the coordinated part (CHF 64,260 max) enters the mandatory calculation. For the remaining CHF 56,000, your fund may offer extra-mandatory coverage. Many do, especially for executives and generous collective agreements.

Conseil
If your salary exceeds CHF 88,000–90,000, look at your certificate: the extra-mandatory contribution is often there, but easy to miss because it is buried in the totals.

2. Yield: minimum interest rate

On the mandatory part, the Federal Council sets each year a minimum interest rate. For 2024 and 2025 it is 1.25%. A floor: the fund can pay more, never less.

On the extra-mandatory part, no legal minimum. The fund pays what it wants. In years of good returns, some funds pay a higher rate on the extra-mandatory to compensate. In a crisis, they can on the contrary lower the extra-mandatory to zero to preserve the mandatory coverage.

LPP minimum interest rate — history
PeriodMinimum mandatory rateExtra-mandatory
20141.75%Free — varies by fund
2015–20161.75%Free
2017–20231.00% (then 1.00–1.25%)Free
20241.25%Free
20251.25%Free
Source : Federal Council — Annual decisions

3. On leaving Switzerland, that is where it gets tricky

You leave Switzerland to settle in France, Germany, Italy, or elsewhere in the EU/EFTA. You want to withdraw your 2nd pillar. The result depends on the mandatory/extra-mandatory split.

  • Outside EU/EFTA (United Kingdom, United States, Canada, Asia…): full payment possible, mandatory and extra-mandatory combined. (FZG art. 5 para. 1 let. a)
  • EU/EFTA (France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, Spain, etc.): the mandatory part stays locked in Switzerland, on a vested benefits account. The extra-mandatory part can be paid out in cash. (FZG art. 25f, applying the AFMP)
Why this EU/EFTA restriction
The Agreement on the Free Movement of Persons (AFMP) with the EU provides that EU citizens settling in their home country continue contributing to an equivalent pension system (national pension insurance). The mandatory part of their Swiss LPP therefore stays in the Swiss system until retirement — or until a legal withdrawal case (purchase of a main residence, self-employment).

A concrete example

Cas concret
Camille, 38, executive in Geneva moving back home

12 years in Geneva in the banking sector, annual salary CHF 145,000. Decides to move back to her home country for family reasons.

Hypothèses
Total assets on the certificate
CHF 184,000
— of which mandatory part
CHF 112,000
— of which extra-mandatory part
CHF 72,000
Destination country
France (EU)
Résultats
Cash payment possible
CHF 72,000
= extra-mandatory part
Locked in vested benefits CH
CHF 112,000
= mandatory part, until retirement
CH source taxation
~6–8%
on the CHF 72,000, rate varies by foundation canton
For the mandatory part remaining in Switzerland: Camille will open a vested benefits account in CH. These assets will continue earning interest until her retirement, when she will be able to withdraw them.
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Why the distinction also matters in divorce

At the time of LPP asset split in divorce (CC art. 122 ss), case law and funds make the distinction. Both parts are split, but their tax treatment at the time of payment differs, and the mandatory part retains its specific guarantees (minimum rate, EU/EFTA withdrawal conditions) after transfer.

How to check your split

On your annual pension certificate, find two separate lines: "Old-age assets per LPP" (the mandatory) and "Extra-mandatory assets" or "Total assets — LPP assets". The sum = your total assets.

If your certificate shows only one line, ask your fund for the breakdown. It is a right (LPP art. 86b). Without this breakdown, you cannot anticipate how much you will be able to withdraw on departure.

À retenir
  • 01The mandatory = minimum required by law, with a guaranteed interest rate each year.
  • 02The extra-mandatory = everything beyond that — free rate, looser rules on leaving Switzerland.
  • 03Leaving to the EU/EFTA: only the extra-mandatory can be paid out in cash. The mandatory stays in Switzerland.
  • 04Leaving outside the EU/EFTA: full withdrawal of both parts.

To understand the whole system, read our introduction to the 2nd pillar. If you are leaving for your home country, the return-home guide covers the exact formalities.

Sources & references

  1. LPP / BVG, SR 831.40 — art. 7 to 16 (contributions and credits)
  2. OPP2/BVV2, SR 831.441.1 — art. 5 (coordination deduction)
  3. FZG/LFLP, SR 831.42 — art. 25f (EU/EFTA cash payment)
  4. FSIO — LPP factsheet: limit amounts
  5. Federal Council — Annual decision on the LPP minimum interest rate

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